CHAPTERWISE QUESTION BANK IN INDIAN ECONOMIC DEVELOMENT IN ACCORDANCE WITH CBSE

CHAPTER-1 INDIAN ECONOMY AT EVE OF INDEPENDENCE

1. Among the following estimators whose estimates of per capita income of India during the colonial period was considered very significant:

a) Dadabhai Naoroji

b) William Digby

c) R.C. Desai

d) V.K.R.V.Rao

2. Major contribution to the GDP of the country on the eve of independence was from:

a) Tertiarysector

b) Secondarysector

c) Primary sector

d) Bothprimaryandsecondarysector

3. British rule in India for almost

a) Almost3centuries

b) Almost100years

c) Almost 2 centuries

d) Almost150years

4. The economic policies pursued by the colonial government in India were concerned with

a) Protectionandpromotionofindia

b) ProtectionofindiaandpromotionofBritain

c) Protection and promotion of Britain

d) BothAandC

5. The impact of British policy on India economic structure was

a) IndiabecomessupplierofrawmaterialsandconsumeroffinishedindustrialproductsfromBritain

b) IndiabecamesupplieroffinishedproducttoBritain

c) India became supplier of finished industrial products and consumer of raw materials from Britain

d) BothBandC

6. One of the following statements about Indian economy is not true. Identify the false statement

a) Indian agriculture was flourishing before the advent of the British

b) India‘sforeigntradethroughoutthecolonialperiodwasmarkedbyalargeexportsurplus

c) India had a sound industrial base under the British

d) BritishdevelopedtheRailwaysysteminIndiafortheirownbenefit

7. The Indian economy on the eve of the independence was:

a) Developed

b) Stagnant

c) Underdeveloped

d) (b)and(c)

8. Agriculture sector is also known as:

a) Tertiary sector

b) Secondarysector

c) Primary sector

d) Firstsector

9. The main interest of the Zamidar was:

a) To collect rent

b) Toimprovetheconditionofagriculture

c) to product food crops

d) toproducecashcrops

10. Despite being the major source of livelihood, the agriculture sector continued to experience stagnation and deterioration during the British rule in India because of:

a) decline of handicraft

b) landtenuresystem

c) drain of India‘s wealth

d) noneoftheabove

11. The main reason for stagnation of agriculture during the British rule was:

a) Low literacy rate

b) Discriminatorytariffpolicy

c) Land tenure system

d) De-industrialization

12. There was high relatively higher yield of cash crops in certain areas of the country due

a) Better irrigation facility

b) Commercializationofagriculture

c) Good monsoon

d) Noneofthese

INDUSTRIAL SECTOR

13. Initially, the industrial development was confined to the setting upof:

a) Cotton textile mills

b) Jutetextilemills

c) Cotton and jute textile mills

d) Capitalgoodsindustry

14. Decline of handicraft industries led to :

a) Massive unemployment

b) Importoffinishedgoods

c) Both (a) and (b)

d) Neither(a)nor(b)

15. ___________ Sector generally takes the output of the primary sector and manufactures _________ goods.

a) Agriculture, finished

b) Secondary,semi-finished

c) Tertiary, raw

d) Industrial,finished

16. The Tata Iron and Steel Company was incorporated in the year:

a) 1907 b) 1947 c) 1908 d) 1950

17. The major cause of decay of Indian handicrafts during British Rule:

a) Low priced machine made goods

b) Discriminatorytariffpolicy

c) Both (a) and (b)

d) Neither(a)nor(b)

18. The jute mills dominated by foreigners during the British rule, were mainly concentrated in:

a) Bengal

b) Gujarat

c) Maharashtra d) d)Kerala

19. The finest variety of muslin was called: a) Malmal

b) Malmalkhas c) Malmalshahi d) Allofthese

20. Capital goods industries are those industries which

a) Helps in Production of consumers good directly

b) Helpsinproductionofmachinesandtoolswhichproduceconsumergoods

c) Helps in agriculture production only

d) Needsmorecapital

21. Decay of handicrafts was caused by:

a) British tariff policy

b) CompetitionFromMan-MadeMachines

c) New Patterns of demand

d) allofthese

Foreign Trade Sector

22. Suez canal was opened for transport in :

a) 1850

b) 1869

c) 1853

d) 1901

23. Under colonial dispensation the economic policies of the government were concerned with

a) Development of handicraft industries

b) Developmentofthecolonizedcountry

c) Promotion of British economic interest

d) Noneofthese

24. On the eve of independence, India was net exporter of:

a) Primary products

b) Industrialproducts

c) Capital goods

d) Agriculturalgoods

25. The opening of Suez Canal served as a direct route for ships operating between:

a) India and America

b) IndiaandBritain

c) India and Srilanka

d) IndiaandPakistan

26. The exports surplus during the British rule was used:

a) TomakepaymentsforexpensesincurredbyanofficesetupbythecolonialgovernmentinBritain.

b) TomeetexpensesonwarfoughtbytheBritishgovernment.

c) To import invisible items.

d) Allofthese.

DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE

27. Before 1921, India was in the ______________ of demographic transition.

a) First stage

b) Secondstage

c) Third stage

d) Noneoftheabove

28. Which year is described as the “year of Great Divide”?

a) 1881 b) 1907 c) 1921 d) 1931

29. India was in the first stage of demographic transition:

a) b) c) d)

Before 1947 after 1947

Before 1921

after 1921

30. At the time of Independence, the infant mortality rate was:

a) 220 per thousand

b) 250perthousand

c) 218 per thousand

d) 280perthousand

31. The first census in British India was held in the year:

a) 1880 b) 1881 c) 1882 d) 1883

32. During the British rule, high mortality rate was due to

a) Inadequate public health facilities

b) Occurrenceoffrequentnaturalcalamities

c) Both (a) and (b)

d) Neither(a)nor(b)

33. High Birth Rate and Low Death Rate represents ___________ stage of demographic transition.

a) Third

b) First

c) Second

d) Firstandsecond

34. Which of the following statement is true regarding demographic profile of India during the colonial rule?

a) Life expectancy was 63 years

b) Infantmortalityratewasaround70perthousandlivebirths

c) Overall literacy level was less than 16 percent

d) Bothbirthrateanddeathratewerequitelow.

35. Occupational structure refers to

a) Distribution of working force among the different occupations

b) Natureofdifferentoccupations

c) Size of working force in a country

d) Numberofpeoplelivinginacountry

36. The agriculture sector with _____ percent accounted for the largest share of workforce, during the eve of Independence.

a) 70-75% b) 80-85% c) 75-80%

d) 60-65%

37. Parts of the then Madras Presidency comprised areas of the present-day states of :

a) TamilNaduandAndhraPradesh

b) KeralaandKarnataka

c) Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh and Orissa

d) BothAandB

Infrastructure sector

38. The most important infrastructure developed during British rule was:

a) Airways

b) Railways

c) Waterways

d) None of the these

39. Which service remained throughout inadequate under the colonial regime?

a) Law and order

b) Postalservices

c) Railways

d) Ports

40. ____________refers to the fundamental facilities and system serving a country. City, or area, including the services and facilities necessary for its economy to function.

a) Sanitation

b) Transport

c) Railways

d) Infrastructure

41. The Tata Airlines was incorporated in the year: a) 1907

b) 1918 c) 1932 d) 1922

42. The road which was built by British in India was to

a) MobilizingthearmywithinIndia

b) Drawingoutofrawmaterialsfromthecountryside

c) To overcome the problem of frequent famines in India

d) OnlyAandB

43. The railways affected the structure of the Indian economy in two ways a) Commercialization of crops

b) Indianvillagebecomesself-sufficient.

c) Broken the geographical and cultural barriers

d) OnlyAandC

44. This service becomes quite expensive and the British finally abandoned was

a) Airwayssector

b) Defensesector

c) Inland waterways

d) Postalservices

1. Choose the correct pair from Column A and Column B:

Suez Canal 1921 First Railway Bridge 1907 Tata Steel 1869 Great Divide Year 1854

2. Arrange the following events in the order of occurrence:

a) FirstRailwaybridgelinkingBombaywithThane

b) SettingupofTataAirlines

c) India conducted its first official Census.

d) India‘sentryintothesecondstageofDemographictransition.

Match the followings

Column A

Column B

CHAPTER-2 INDIAN ECONOMY 1950-1990

Introduction to economic planning

1. An ______________ is a system of production and exchange of goods and services.

a) Economy

b) Economic

c) Eco System

d) Environment

2. The economic system adopted in India is ___________.

a) Mixed

b) Capitalist

c) Socialist

d) Both(a)and(c)

3. __________ refers to an arrangement by which central problems of an economy are solved.

a) Economic system

b) Mixedeconomy

c) Modernisation

d) Socialisteconomy

4. Under which system the goods are disturbed among people not on the basis of what people need but on the basis of purchasing power?

a) Capitalistic system

b) Socialisticsystem

c) Mixed system

d) Dualsystem

5. The share of agriculture in India‟s GDP has _______ over the years.

a) Remained constant

b) Decreased

c) Increased

d) Firstdecreasedandthenincreased

6. The central problems of an economy are :

a) What to produce

b) Howtoproduce

c) For whom to produce

d) Allofthese

7. The concept of Five Year Planning is outsourced from :

a) Russia

b) USA c) Brazil d) Mexico

8. The First Five Year Plan was based on :

a) DAGMAR Model

b) Harod-DomarModel

c) 20 Point Model

d) FountainModel

GOAL OF FIVE YEAR PLAN

9. Who is known as the architect of „Indian Planning‟?

a) Jawaharlal Nehru

b) DR.BRAmbedkar

c) PC Mahalanobis

d) Sardar Vallabh bhai Patel

10. From the following which is not the goals of planning India :

a) Growth

b) CorrectingBOP

c) Self-reliance

d) Noneoftheabove

11. A good indicator of growth is steady increase in the

a) Gross domestic product

b) Netdomesticproduct

c) Population

d) Nationalincome

12. The common goals of the five year plans are:

a) Modernisation b) Growth

c) Self-reliance

d) Alloftheabove

13. __________ implies use of advanced technology.

a) Modernisation

b) Globalisation c) Privatisation d) Planning

14. Self-reliance means avoiding:

a) Exports

b) Imports

c) Both (a) and (b)

d) Noneoftheabove

15. The GDP of a country is not derived from the following sectors of the economy, namely

a) Servicesector

b) Primarysector

c) Foreign sector

d) Secondarysector

16. Importance to self-reliance was given up till which five year plan

a) First6yearsplan

b) First5yearsplan

c) First 7 year plan

d) First8yearsplan

17. Modernization means

a) Increasetheproductionofgoodsandservicesbyadoptnewtechnology.

b) AvoidingimportsofthosegoodswhichcouldbeproducedinIndiaitself

c) Recognition the women should have the same rights as men.

d) Both(a)and(c)

18. Self-reliance is does not include

a) Toreduceourdependenceonforeigncountries,especiallyforfood

b) Toreduceourdependenceonforeigncountries,especiallyfordefenseitems

c) Avoiding imports of those goods which could be produced in India itself

d) Toreducetheforeigninterferenceinourpolicies

19. Import substitution refers to a policy of substitution of imports by ________ production.

a) Domestic b) Foreign c) State

d) District

AGRICULTURAL REFORMS

20. Land ceiling refers to

a) Fixingthemaximumsizeoflandownedbytheowner

b) Abolitionofintermediaries

c) Portion of agricultural produce sold in the market

d) Noneoftheabove

21. ___________ refers to fixing the specified limits of land, which could be owned by an individual. a) Consolidationofholdings

b) Cooperativefarming

c) Tariff

d) Landceiling

22. Land reforms were successful in following states a) KeralaandwestBengal

b) WestBengalandKarnataka

c) Tamil Nadu and Kerala d) PunjabandKerala

23. Which factor led to the breaking up of the stagnation of agriculture?

a) Landreforms

b) Greenrevolution

c) Buffer stocks

d) Landceiling

24. Green revolution introduced during the planning process was restricted mainly to:

a) Wheatandrice

b) Cerealsandpulses

c) Cotton and jute

d) Jowarandbajra

25. Before Green revolution introduced during the planning process india was at the mercy of this country for meeting nation‟s food requirements

a) America b) China

c) British d) Russia

26. Marketed surplus refers to the

a) Portionofagriculturalproducewhichissoldinthemarketbythefarmers

b) Portionofagriculturalproductwhichissoldbythegovernmentinthemarket

c) Earning of the farmers which is left with the farmers

d) Portionofagriculturalproductwhichisleftwiththefarmeraftersellinginthemarket

INDUSTRY AND TRADE REFORMS

27. Which of the following is not true for small scale industries?

a) SSIlabourintensiveandtherefore,employmentoriented.

b) SSIneedssmallinvestmentandistherefore,equityoriented

c) SSI is capital intensive and therefore, increases productivity

d) SSIshowslocationalflexibilityandistherefore,equalityoriented

28. During the initial stages of planning, special concession were given to the industries producing goods to be used as substitutes for imported goods. This strategy was named as:

a) Inwardlookingtradestrategy

b) Outwardlookingtradestrategy

c) Export promotion strategy

d) Noneoftheabove

29. Protection of domestic industries took the form of: a) Quotas

b) Tariffs

c) Both (a) and (b) d) Noneoftheabove

30. Schedule A comprises of industries which would be exclusively owned by __________.

a) Government

b) PrivateSector

c) Both (a) and (b)

d) Noneofthese

31. Inward looking trade strategy is also known as a policy of ___________.

a) Importrelaxation

b) Import substitution

c) Import promotion

d) Noneofthese

32. Five year plans has put a lot of emphasis in the growth of Industries because

a) Industriesprovidemorestableemploymentthanagriculture

b) Promotesmodernization

c) Growth of economy

d) Allofabove

33. Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956 to classify the industries in category was adopted to

a) Topromoteregionalequality

b) Toprotectthedomesticindustry

c) To increase the role of public sector

d) Alloftheabove

34. License to expand production under industrial policy was given was given only

a) Whengovernmentisconvincedthatitcanearnhugetaxes

b) Whentheindustrycanearnhandsomeforeignexchange

c) When government was convinced that the economy required a larger quantity of goods

d) To reduce the role of public sector

35. In 1955, the Village and Small-Scale Industries Committee, also called the Karve Committee, noted the possibility of using small-scale industries to

a) Increasetheroleprivatesector

b) Toincreasethetaxes

c) BothAandB

d) Togenerateemploymentinruralareas

36. Maximum limit to start small scale in present scenario is

a) 5lakh

b) 50lakh

c) 1 crore

d) 5crore

37. Small scale industries was given protection by the government due to

a) Theycannotcompetewithlargeindustries

b) Theyaremoresuitableinruraldevelopment

c) BothAandB

d) TokeepacheckonprivateSector

38. Effect of industrial policy 1956 on industries was

1. 2. 3. 4.

5. 6.

Ans.

a) Industriesstartedtogetdiversified

b) Indiabecomeself-sufficientinindustrialgoods

c) Industries share fall in GDP during 1991

d) OnlyAandB

Match the following

Match the following columns Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956 classified the industries into the following category

Column A

Column B

1. First category

2. Second category 3. Third category

A. Private sector will supplement the public sector

B. Meant for private sector through the system of licenses

C. Meant only for public Sector

Match the following columns

Column A

Column B

. Prime Minister

Gross Domestic Product Quota

Land Reforms

. HYV Seeds Subsidy

A. Seeds that give large proportion of output

B. Quantity of goods that can be imported

C. Chairperson of the Planning Commission.

D. The money value of all the final goods and services

produced within the economy in one year

E. Improvements in the field of agriculture to increase its

productivity

F. The monetary assistances given by government for

production activities

1. (C); 2. (D); 3. (B); 4. (E); 5 (A); 6 (F)

Application based

Planning commission

Industrial Policy Resolution

Sale of Modern Bread to private sector 2nd phase of Green revolution

New economic policy

2001

1991

1956

1950

mid-1970s to mid-1980s

Column A

Column B

Answer the following questions on the basis of the following data: a) Comment upon industrial and agriculture growth rates.

b) Summarize the reason for the following trend

Sector

1950-1951

1990-1991

Agriculture Industry Services Total

59% 34.9% 13% 24.6% 28% 40.5% 100% 100%

True or false

1. Benefit of Green Revolution has only benefited the Rich farmers and not to the poor farmers

2. In India, between 1950 and 1990, the proportion of GDP contributed by agriculture declined significantly and also population depending on it

3. Agriculture provides employment which is more stable than the employment in Industry

4. The proportion of GDP contributed by the agricultural sector increased in the period from

11.8 per cent in 1950-51 to 24.6 per cent in 1990-91

5. Protection from foreign competition enabled the development of indigenous industries in the areas of electronics and automobile sectors which otherwise could not have developed

6. The policies of the public sector would have to be complimentary to those of the private sector, with the private sector leading the way.

7. At independence, about 75 per cent of the country‘s population was dependent on agriculture.

8. Quota and licensing was policy to promote equity in the agricultural sector

9. The GDP is the market value of all the goods and services produced in or outside the country during a year

10. The first seven five year plans gave importance to self-reliance

11. Industrial policy 1956 of protecting the Domestic industries was disaster. Comment on the above line with suitable answer.

CHAPTER -3RD CHAPTER ECONOMIC REFORMS TOPIC: - INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND

1. In 1991, India met with an economic crisis due to

a) Rise in foreign exchange reserves

b) Low inflation

c) Huge debts burden

d) Politicalinstability

2. In 1991, India met with an economic crisis relating to its:

a) External debt

b) Internaldebt

c) stock exchange

d) noneoftheabove

3. International Bank for Reconstruction And Development (IRBD) is popularly known as:

a) World bank

b) BankofTokyo

c) American express

d) HSBCbank

4. IMF stands for:

a) International Monetary Foundation

b) InternalMonetaryFund

c) International Monetary Fund

d) InternationalMoneyFoundation

5. When expenditure is more than income, the government borrows to finance the ____from banks.

a) Surplus

b) Deficit

c) Credit d) Debit

6. India approached which international monetary institution during crisis?

a) IBRD

b) IMF

c) World Bank

d) alloftheabove

7. Stabilization measures were intended to correct:

a) Balance of payment problem

b) Inflationarysituations

c) depleting foreign exchange reserves

d) allofthese

8. Stabilization measures were intended to

a) Improving the efficiency of the economy

b) Increasingitsinternationalcompetitiveness

c) Both (a) and (b)

d) Maintainsufficientforeignexchange

9. The most urgent problem which promoted the introduction of New Economic Policy in 1991 Was: (a) Bad performance of public sector units.

(b) Foreign exchange crises.

(d) BothAandB

ECONOMIC REFORMS

10. Economic reforms in India was started on 24th July: a) 1992

b) 1993

c) 1991

d) 1990

11. Which of the policy is not initiated under the new economic policy?

a) Liberalization b) Privatisation c) Globalisation d) Urbanization

12. ______means integrating the domestic economy with the world economy.

a) Globalisation

b) Liberalization c) Privatisation

d) Demonetisation

13. ____________refers to relaxation of Government restrictions.

a) Privatisation b) Globalisation c) Disinvestment d) Liberlisation

14. The process of privatization is where:

a) A company is transferred to a non-profit organization

b) Servicesthatwerepreviouslysuppliesareoutsourced

c) A few public sector enterprises are sold to private sector

d) Astateindustrymergeswithortakesoveraprivateorpublicityownedcompany

15. Objectives of privatization are:

a) To improve the government‘s financial position

b) Toimprovetheperformanceofanenterprise

c) To reduce the burden on public administration

d) Alltheabove

16. __________ refers to the transfer of assets or service functions form public to private ownership.

a) Globalisation

b) Privatisation

c) Liberalisation d) Alloftheabove

17. Foreign exchange reforms was done by

a) Devaluating the Rupee against foreign currency

b) Introducingthefixedexchangeratesystem

c) Determination of the exchange rate by the market forces

d) Both(a)and(c)

18. Government taxation and expenditure policy is known as

a) Trade policy

b) Monetarypolicy

c) Fiscal policy

d) Taxationpolicy

19. Moderate rate of tax was implemented during reforms period to

a) Encourage savings

b) Voluntarydisclosureofincome.

c) Increasing in foreign exchange reserve

d) Both(a)and(b)

20. Taxes imposed on incomes of individuals are :

a) Indirect taxes

b) Tariffbarriers

c) Direct taxes

d) Allofthese

21. Which of the following is not a component of fiscal reforms?

a) Taxationreforms

b) Publicexpenditurereforms

c) Change in interest rate

d) Controlofpublicdebt

22. Fiscal policy of the government refers to: (a) Taxation policy

(b) Government expenditure policy

(d) Neither (a) nor (b)

23. Which of the following industries are reserved for the public sector?

a) Cement

b) Defenseequipment

c) Atomic energy generation

d) both(b)and(c)

24. Import Licensing was abolished except in case of :

a) Hazardous items

b) Environmentallysensitiveindustries

c) both (a) and (b)

d) none

25. Quantitative restrictions on imports of manufactured consumer goods and agricultural products were also fully removed from

a) 1980

b) 1991

c) 2001 d) 1995

26. Cheaper imported goods was one of the reasons behind:

a) Growingunemployment

b) UnbalancedGrowth

c) Low level of industrial growth

d) Spreadofconsumerism

27. Industry reserved for public sector:

a) Defenseequipment

b) Atomicenergygeneration

c) Railway transport

d) Allofthese

28. Financial sector in India is regulated by

a) RBI

b) CENTRALGOVT c) SEBI

d) both(a)and(b)

29. Financial sector reforms does not include

a) Foreigninvestmentlimitinbankswasraisedtoaround50percent

b) ForeignInstitutionalInvestors(FII),allowedtoinvestinIndianfinancialmarkets

c) Reduce the role of RBI from regulator to facilitator

d) Removaloflicensingproceduresforimports

30. WTO was established in the year

a) 1995

b) 1948

c) 1996 d) 1994

31. GATT was established in the year:

a) 1958

b) 1948

c) 1968 d) 1995

32. Which of the following is not a feature of Privatisation:

a) Contraction of public sector

b) Policyofdisinvestment

c) policy of memorandum of understanding

d) Tax rates have been reduced

33. India has become one of the favorable destinations for outsourcing because of this reason:

a) High wage rates

b) Availabilityofskilledmanpowerandaccuracy

c) Low taxes

d) Allofthese

34. The government has made efforts to improve the efficiency of PSU‟s by giving them______ in taking managerial decisions.

a) Money

b) Financialassistance

c) Autonomy

d) none of the above

35. BPO means ___________.

a) Business policy outsource

b) Businessprocessorganisation

c) Business process outsourcing

d) Noneoftheabove

36. What was the one major proposal of new industrial policy (1991)?

a) NRI‘s will not be allowed for capital investment in India

b) FacilityofFDIupto51percentinhighpriorityindustries

c) Import restrictions on technical knowhow for one year

d) Abolitionlicensingexportforsixindustries

37. Financial sector reforms mainly relate to:

a) Banking sector

b) Foreignexchangemarket

c) Both (a) and (b)

d) Insurance sector

38. Rate of which tax was reduced as per the tax reform:

a) Gift tax

b) Corporationtax

c) Income tax

d) Both(b)and(c)

INDIAN ECONOMY DURING REFORMS: AN ASSESSMENT, GST & DEMONETIZATION

39. Which is the latest tax introduced by the government of India?(Choose the correct alternative)

a) Goods and services tax

b) Valueaddedtax

c) Service tax

d) Corporationtax

40. Under GST, which is not a tax slab

a) 5% b) 12% c) 20% d) 28%

41. Aim of demonetization not included was

a) Form a less-cash or cash-lite economy

b) Checkontaxevasion

c) Reduce the money supply

d) Addingsavingsintotheformalfinancialsystem

42. The opening up of the Indian Economy has led to

a) Fall in foreign exchange and rise in FDI

b) RiseinforeignexchangeandfallinFDI

c) Rise in foreign exchange and rise in FDI

d) FallinforeignexchangeandFalliinFDI

43. During the reform period

a) Agriculture has declined, industrial sector reported fluctuation, and service sector has gone up.

b) Agriculturehasgoneup.,industrialsectorreportedfluctuation,andservicesectorhasdeclined

c) Agriculture has declined, industrial sector reported gone up, and service sector reported fluctuation

d) Agriculturesectorreportedfluctuation,industrialsectorgonedown,andservicesectorhasgoneup.

44. Though the GDP growth rate has increased in the reform period,

a) Employment rate has rise

b) Employmentratehasfallen

c) Employment rate remains same

d) Reemploymentratehasfluctuates

45. Reforms have not been able to benefit agriculture because of

a) Public investment in agriculture sector especially in infrastructure has fallen

b) Riseinsubsidy

c) Rise in import duties on agricultural products

d) Shift from production of cash crops to food crops

46. India is seen as a successful exporter of:

a) Auto parts

b) Engineeringgoods

c) IT software and textiles

d) Allofthese

47. Factors that adversely affected Indian farmers are:

a) Removal of MSP and subsidy

b) Liftingofquantitativerestrictions

c) Reduction in import duties

d) Allofthese

48. GST was not introduced for the following purpose

a) Generate additional revenue for the government,

b) Reducetaxevasion

c) To increase direct taxes

d) Create ̳onenation,onetaxandonemarket

CHAPTER 4TH – POVERTY IN INDIA

1. Dadabhai Naoroji used the menu for a prisoner and used appropriate prevailing prices to arrive at what may be called ________________.(JAIL)

2. The weighted average of consumption of the three segments of population gives the average poverty line, which according to Dada bhai Naoroji, comes out to be ________________adult jail cost of living.

3. A line or continuum from the very poor to the absolutely rich classifies various kinds of poor and non-poor, with the ________________dividing the poor from the non-poor.

4. People who are always poor and those who are usually poor but who may sometimes have a little more money (example: casual workers) are grouped together as the____________

(a) Chronic poor

(b) Churning poor

(d) Transient poor

5. __________ is a group of people who regularly move in and out of poverty (example: small

farmers and seasonal workers).

6. The churning poor, who regularly move in and out of poverty, and the occasionally poor who are rich most of the time but may sometimes have a patch of bad luck, are called the________________.

7. Thegovernmentuses___________asproxyforincomeofhouseholdstoidentifythepoor.

8. Amartya Sen, noted Nobel Laureate, has developed an index to estimate poverty known as

___________

9. When the number of poor is estimated as the proportion of people below the poverty line, it is

known as __________

10.The official data on poverty is made available to the public by the

________________consumption expenditure data collected by the __________ it id estimated

on the basis of consumption expenditure data collected by the________________.

11.The proportion of poor in India during 1973-2012 has come down from________________ to

________________.

12. One of the noted poverty alleviation programmes initiated in the 1970, was ____________. 13.Under which one of the following self-employment Programmes. One can get financial

assistance in the form of bank loans to set up small industries? (a) Rural Employment Generation Programme (REGP)

(b) Prime Minister‘s Rozgar Yojana (PMRY)

(d) All of the above

14. ________________ is implementing the Rural Employment Generation Programme (REGP).

15. The educated unemployed from low - income families in rural and urban areas can get financial

help to set up any kind of enterprise that generates employment under ________________. (a) Rural Employment Generation Programme (REGP)

(b) Prime Minister‘s Rozgar Yojana (PMRY)

(d) Swarna Jayariti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY)

16. ________________ mainly aims at creating employment opportunities — both self employment

and wage employment — in urban areas.

(a) Rural Employment Generation Programme (REGP) (b) Prime Minister‘s Rozgar Yojana (PMRY)

17.Since the 1990s those who wish to benefit from the self employment programmes are encouraged to form ________________.

18.Initially, the self- Help droups (SHGs) are encouraged to save money and land among themselves as small loans. Later, through banks, the government provides partial financial

assistance to SHGs which then decide whom the loan is to be given to for self-employment

activities. ________________ is one such programme.

19. Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) has now been restructured as ___________. A

similar programme called _________ has also been in place for urban poor.

20.In August 2005, the parliament passed a new Act to provide guaranteed wage employment to every rural household whose adult volunteer is to do unskilled manual work for a minimum of

100 days in a year. This Act is known as ______________.

21.Three major programmes that aim at improving the food and nutritional status of the poor are

________________.

22. ________________ are attempts in developing infrastructure and housing conditions. 23._____________ is initiated by the central government, under which elderly people who do not

have anyone to take care of them are given pension to sustain themselves. Poor women who are destitute and widows are also covered under this scheme.

1. From 2014, a `scheme called________________ people in India are encouraged to open

bank accounts.( Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana)

24. Casual workers are grouped as the chronic poor. (True /False)

25. The minimum calorie intake in rural area is 2100 calories. (True /False)

26. Number of people living below poverty line. (Absolute poverty/Relative poverty)

27. Economists identify the poor on the basis of their ________________and ownership of assets (a) Income

(b) Occupation

(d) Living standard

28. Who was the first person to define poverty in terms of Jail Cost of Living?

(a) Dadabai Naroji

(b) V.K.R.V. Rao (c) Willian Digby (d) R.C. Desai

29. The average calories required per person in urban area is (a) 2400

(b) 2100

(d) 2150

30.The approach to reduce poverty through specific poverty alleviation programmes has been

initiated from the

(a) Second Five Year plan (b) Third Five Year plan (c) Fifth Five Year plan

(d) Seventh Five Year plan

31.The approach to addressing poverty through public expenditure in providing minimum basic

amenities to the people has been initiated from the ___________ (a) Second Five Year plan

(b) Third Five Year plan

(d) Seventh Five Year plan

ANSWER KEY

2. jail

3. three-fourth

4. ThePovertyLine

5. (a)Chronicpoor

6. churningpoor

7. transientpoor

8. MonthlyPerCapitaExpenditure(MPCE)

9. SenIndex

10. ̳Head Count Ratio‘ (Poverty Ratio)

11. Planning Commission; National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO).

12. 55percent;22percent

13. Food for work

14. (a) Rural Employment Generation Programme (REGP)

15. The Khadi and Village Industries Commission

16. (b) Prime Minister‘s Rozgar ̳Yojana (PMRY)

17. (c) Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rojgar Yojana (S)SRY)

18. Self-Help Groups (SHGs)

19. Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY)

20. National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRCM); National Urban Livelihoods Mission

21. Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act.

22.Public Distribution System, Integrated Child Development Scheme and Midday Meal

Scheme

23.Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana, Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana, Valmiki

Ambedkar Awas Yojana

24. National Social Assistance Programme

25. Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana

26. True

27. False

28. Absolute poverty

29. (b) Occupation

30. (a) Dadabai Naroji

31. (b) 2100

32. (b) Third Five Year plan 33. (c) Fifth Five Year Plan

1. Labour force participation rate in India is _______ as compared to advanced countries. (A) Very low

(B) Low

(D) Very high

2. In India, poverty in urban areas is __________ than the poverty in rural areas. (A) More

(B) Lesser

(D) None of the above

3. In India, a ___________ rate of economic growth is an essential condition for poverty removal. (A) Low

(B) Very Low

(D) Very High

4. Non poor implies persons who are (A) Transient poor

(B) Churning poor

(D)Never poor

5. Poverty line divides the population as poor and ____________. (A) Rich

(B) Very poor

(D) All the above

6. _____________ organisation collects statistics on poverty in India. (A) Planning commission

(B) NSSO

(D) None of these

7. ____________ programme intend to improve the food and nutritional status of the poor. (A) Midday meal scheme

(B) Public distribution system

(D) All of these

8. Approach followed by the government to reduce poverty in India : (A) Growth oriented

(B) Specific poverty alleviation programmes

(D) All of these

9. Who was the first person to discuss the concept of poverty line in India? (A) Shaheen Rafi khan

(B) Dadabhai Naoroji

(D)Amartya Sen

10. Small farmers or seasonal workers who regularly move in and out of poverty, fall in the category of: (A) Chronic poor

(B) Never poor

(D) Usually poor

11. The calorie requirement for measuring poverty line is higher in rural areas than urban areas because in rural area:

(A) People do not enjoy as much as people in urban areas (B) Food items in are expensive

(D)People are engaged in physical labour

12. Poverty index developed by Nobel Laureate Amartya Sen was named as: (A) Poverty gap index

(B) Sen‘s index

(D) None of the above

13. Which of the following state reduced its people below the poverty line to 17% during 1973-2010? (A) Bihar

(B) West Bengal (C) Uttar Pradesh (D)Tamil Nadu

14. Which of the following is not a mojor cause of poverty in India? (A) Low capital formation

(B) Lack of social/welfare nets

(D)

(E) Migration of people from rural to urban India

15. This scheme was introduced on 15th august, 1995 as 100 per cent centrally sponsored scheme for social assistance for the poor to ensure minimum national standard for social assistance.

(A) Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojna(JGSY)

(B) Swaran Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojna(SJSRY)

(D)National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP)

16. Which of the following is a programme for the benefit of the elderly? (A) Public Distribution System

(B) Preadhan Mantra Gram Sadak Yojna

(D)National Food For Work Programme

17. Which programe is restricted as ̳National Rural Linelihiid Mission‘? (A) National Food For Work Programme

(B) Swarna Jayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojna

(D)Prime Minister‘s Rozgar Yojna

18. SISKY stands for:

(A) Swarna Jayanti Shari Razgar Yajana

(B) Swarna Jeewan Sudhar Rashtriya Yajanat (C) Sampoorna Jeewan Shahari Rozgar Yajana (D) None of the above

19. ___________ is the flagship outcome based Skill Training Scheme of the Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneureship.

(A) Swarn Jayanti Swarojgar Yojna

(B) Roshini

(D) Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojna

CHAPTER 5TH HUMAN CAPITALFORMATION

1. The stock of skill and expertise of nation at a point of time is called: (A) Human capital

(B) Human development

(D) Physical capital

2. Which of the following is not a source of Human Capital formation? (A) Education

(B) Saving

(D) Information

3. Before introducing new technology, a firm provides the basic skills to the workers regarding its usage. This is which source of human capital formation?

(A) Study programme for adults

(B) On the job training

4. If a worker absent herself/ himself for long due to ill health, it will affect his/ her: (A) Job security

(B) Wage/income

(D) All the above

5. Which of the following statements is true?

(A) Major share of education expenditure goes to higher education

(B) No education cess is imposed by the government on all union taxes

(C) Human development is bases on the idea that education and health are integral to human well- being (D)Education and literacy can be used as synonyms of each other

6. In India, education sector is regarded by: (A) Ministry of education

(B) NCERT

(D) All the above

7. The major share of total education expenditure is taken by __________ (A) Elementary education

(B) Higher education

(D)Technical education

8. Economic growth requires ___________. (A) Human capital

(B) Physical capital

(D)Neither (a) nor (b)

9. Expenditure on education is __________. (A) Wasteful

(B) Investment

10. ___________ is major source of human capital. (A) Taxes

(B) Subsidies

(D) All the above

11. ____________ is better indicator of development. (A) National output

(B) Per capita income (monetary)

(D)National income

12. Significance of human capital was recognized in _____________ five year plan. (A) Third

(B) Second

(D) Fourth

13. Indicators of educational achievement : (A) Primary education

(B) Youth literacy rate

(D) All of these

14. Government organisation that regulate education sectors (A) NCERT

(B) ICMR

(D)Both (a) and (c)

15. Source of Human capital formation : (A) Investment in education

(B) Investment in Health

16. A person becomes a human resources when he is (A) Willing to work

(B) Able to work

(D) All of these

17. Indicator of growth of education sector (A) Life expectancy rate

(B) Infant mortality rate

(D) None of these

18. From the following which is not a source of human capital : (A) On-the job training

(B) Migration

(D) None of the above

19. Physical capital is (A) Tangible

(B) Easily sold in the market (C) (a) and (b)

(D) None of the above

20. UNDP stands for :

(A) United Nations Developing Plan

(B) United National Development Programme (C) United Nations Duration Programme (D)United Nations Development Policy

(HUMAN CAPITAL FORMATION)

1. ___________ represents enhanced labour productivity which is an acquired ability and an outcome of deliberate investment decisions with an expectation that it will increase future income sources.

2. Both ___________ and _________ , along with many other factors like on-the-job training, job market information and migration, increase an individuals income generating capacity.

3. Two independent reports on the Indian economy, in recent times, have identified that India would grow faster due to its strength in ___________________.

4. ________________is the outcome of investment in education, health, on-the-job training, migration and information.

5. Matchthefollowing:

6. The education commission (1964-66) had recommended that at least ____________ of GDP be spent on education so as to make a noticeable rate of growth in educational achievements.

7. In 2009 the government of India enacted ______________make free education a fundamental right of all children in the age group of 6-14 years.

8. InwhichyeartheGovernmentofIndiaenactedtheRighttoEducation(RTE)Act? (a) 2007

9. The government of India is leaving a ________ percent Education Cess on all the union taxes for spending on elementary education.

(a) 2 percent

(b) 5 percent

(a) The percentage of ̳education expenditure of total government expenditure‘.

(i) expresses how much of our income is being committed to the development of education in the country.

(b) The percentage of ̳education expenditure of GDP‘

(ii) indicates the importance of education in the scheme of things before the government.

1. humancapital

2. educationhealth

3. humancapitalformation

4. Humancapitalformation

ANSWERS

5. (a)—(ii),(b)—(iii)

6. 6percent

7. theRighttoEducationAct

9. (a)2percent

3. Identify the correct sequence of alternative given in column 1 and 2 by matching them:

Column 1

Column 2

Itisanactionplanfortheeconomicandsocial upliftment of rural sector

Institutional and non-institutional sources

Useoforganicmanure,bio-fertilizersetc

1) Agriculturemarketing 2) Organic farming

4) Ruraldevelopment

Activities which include gathering the produce after harvesting, processing the produce, grading the produce, according to its quality

3) Ruralcredit

CHAPTER 6TH RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA

1. The institutional aource of credit whose area of operation is the one where banking facilities and

cooperatives are absent and which operate at the district level is:

(A) Regional rural bank

(B) Commercial bank (C) Self-help group (D) NABARD

2. Credit needs related to constructing fences and digging wells are fulfilled by: (A) Short term credit

(B) Medium term credit

(D) None of the above

3. Government has assured the farmers of some minimum income from the sale of their crop by introducing:

(A) Warehousing facilities

(B) Regulated markets

4. The sector providing alternate livelihood options to 70 million small and marginal farmers is:

(A) Livestock

(B) Agro-processing (C) Apni Mandi

(D) Fisheries

5. Production of a diverse variety of crops rather than one specialised crop is called: (A) Diversification of production activity

(B) Diversification of crop production

(D) All the above

6. The ̳Golden Revolution‘ was a period of very high productivity in: (A) Foodgrain production

(B) Horticulture

(D) Piscicultre

7. Which of the following is true about organic farming?

(A) Organically grown food is more healthier and tastier

(B) Yields in organic farming are lower than in chemical farming (C) It adversely effects the fertility of the soil

(D)It is quite expensive method of farming

8. Credit taken for a period of 15 years is (A) Short term credit

(B) Medium term credit

(D) All of these

9. NABARD is ____________ source of rural credit

(A) Institutional

(B) Non-institutional (C) Cooperative society (D) Regional

10. Organic farming uses (A) Organic manure (B) Bio-fertilisers

11. Diversification in agriculture activities means finding alternate employment in

(A) Non-farm sectors

(B) Urban sectors (C) Rural sectors (D) None of these

12. Traditional sources of rural credit in India are :

(A) Money lenders

(B) Relatives and friends (C) Traders

(D) All of these

13. Non farm areas of employment : (A) Animal husbandary

(B) Fisheries

(D) All of these

14. Institutional sources of agricultural credit are : (A) Land development banks

(B) NABARD

(D) All of these

15. Growth in rural marketing relates to (A) Provision of physical infrastructure (B) Regulation of markets

(D) All of these

16. Organic farming is needed because it

(A) Maintains and enhances the ecological balance (B) is free from chemical based fertilizers

(D)Neither (a) nor (b)

17. Short term credit is needed for

(A) Period of 15 months

(B) Period 5 years (C) Period of 15 years (D) Period of 20 years

18. From the following which is not a non-institutional source of credit in India. (A) Money lenders

(B) Traders

(D)Commercial banks

19. Father of ̳Green Revolution‘ In India (A) M.S. Swaminathan

(B) Norman Borlong

(D) None of the above

20. The farming which relies on naturally occurring ecological process and biodiversity:

(A) Organic farming

(B) Conventional agriculture

(D) None of the above

21. SHG stands for :

(A) Self Human Group

(B) Sufficient Humidity Growth (C) Self Help Group

(D) Self Human Growth

22. AMUL stands for :

(A) Anand Multiple Union Ltd.

(B) Agriculture and Milk Union Ltd. (C) Anand Mil Union Ltd.

(D)Anand Manufacturing Union Ltd.

23. Which is related to microfinance: (A) Self Help Group

(B) NABARD

(D) None

RURAL DEVELOPMENT)

1. ___________ was set up in 1982 as an apex body to coordinate the activities of all institutions involved in the rural financing system.

2. The SHGs promote thrift in small proportions by a minimum contribution from each member. From the pooled money, credit is given to the needy members to be repayable in small installments at reasonable interest rates. Such credit provisions are generally referred to as __________________.

3. __________isaprocessthatinvolvestheassembling,storage,processing,transportation, packaging, grading and distribution of different agricultural commodities across the country.

4. _____________ , in realising fair prices for farmers‘ products, is one of the initiatives taken by the government.

5. As agriculture is already overcrowded, a major proportion of the increasing labour force needs to find alternative employment opportunities in other non-farm sectors. Non- farm economy has several segments in it; some possess dynamic linkages that permit healthy growth while others are in subsistence, low productivity propositions. The dynamic sub sectors include ____________.

6. Those non-farm sectors which have the potential but seriously lack infrastructure and other support include ___________

7. __________________is a system whereby all the farmers can pool their milk produced according to different grading (based on quality) and the same is processed and marketed to urban centres through cooperatives. In this system, the farmers are assured of a fair price and income from the supply of milk to urban markets.

8. Rampant underemployment, low per capita earnings, absence of mobility of labour to other sectors and __________ and ____________community face today.

9. There is a need to increase credit facilities through ___________ and __________ for fisherwomen to meet the working capital requirements for marketing.

10.In recent years, awareness of the harmful effect of chemical based fertilisers and pesticides on our health is on a rise. Efforts in evolving technologies which are eco- friendly are essential for sustainable development and one such technology which is eco- friendly is __________________.

11._____________ is a whole system of farming that restores, maintains and enhances the ecological balance.

12. __________ and ___________ are major concerns which need to be addressed apart from an appropriate agriculture policy to promote organic farming.

13. The yields from organic farming are more than modern agricultural farming. True/ False? Give reason.

14. Match the following:

A. Organic farming (i) Shift of workforce from

agriculture to other allied activities

C. Diversification (iii) System enhances the ecological balance

15. National Bank of Agriculture and Rural Development was set up in ________ as an apex body to coordinate the activities of all institutions in the rural financing system.

(a) 1969 (b) 1982 Cc) 1949 (d) 1991

ANSWERS

1. TheNationalBankforAgricultureandRuralDevelopment(NABARD)

2. micro-creditprogrammes

3. Agriculturalmarketing

4. Co-operativemarketing

5. agro-processingindustries,foodprocessingindustries,leatherindustrytourism,etc.

6. traditionalhome-basedindustrieslikepottery,crafts,handloomsetc.

7. OperationFlood

8. ahighrateofilliteracy;indebtedness,Rampantunemployment

9. cooperatives;SHG5

10. organic farming

11. organic farming

12. Inadequate infrastructure; the problem of marketing the products

13.Ei: The yields from organic farming are less than modern agricultural farming in the

initial years.

14. A. (iii), B. (ii), C. (i) 15. (b) 1982

CHAPTER 7TH EMPLOYMENT IN INDIA

1. The formula to calculate workforce participation ratio is:

(A) (workforce /Total population) X 100

(B) (Number of unemployed persons/Labour force) X 100

B. Agricultural marketing

(ii) Process involves assembling , storage, packaging and distribution of different

Agricultural_activities.

2. Workers who are on permanent pay-roll of their employer are called: (A) Self- employed workers

(B) Casual workers

(D) None of the above

3. Men get opportunity to work in: (A) Primary sector

(B) Secondary sector

(D)Both (a) and (c)

4. Agriculture labourers, farmers, owners of small enterprise which emply less than 20 workers fall in the category of :

(A) Formal sector

(B) Informal sector

5. Due to the recent efforts of which international body the Indian government, initiated the modernization of informal sector?

(A) World Bank

(B) WTO

(D) G-20

6. After the workers lost their jobs in 1980‘s, which city experienced an economy recession and communal riots?

(A) Ahmedabad

(B) Bombay (C) Allahabad (D) Bangalore

7. Find the odd one out.

(A) A private school teacher in a school with only 25 teachers

(B) A nurse in a government hospital

(D)A civil engineer working in a construction company which has 10 workers

8. Unemployment is defined as:

(A) The section of the population that is not capable of being employed

(B) The section of population willing to work but unable to find employment (C) The section of population that is waiting to be employed

(D)The section of population that are without the skills needed by employers

9. Data on unemployment in India can be obtained from which source? (A) Reports of Census of India

(B) National sample survey organisation(NSSO)

(D) All the above

10. About ___________ of the total population in the country is engaged in various economic activities. (A) Three-fifth

(B) Four-fifth

(D) None of the above

11. When more persons are working in a job than actually required, it is known as ________.

(A) Disguised unemployment

(B) Seasonal unemployment (C) Educated unemployment (D)Open unemployment

12. Electricity, gas and water supply belong to ___________ sector. (A) Primary sector

(B) Secondary sector

(D) All the above

13. Those who work in their own establishment using their own resources are called _______. (A) Hired workers

(B) Casual workers

(D) Self-employed

14. Sum total of final goods and services produced in domestic territory of an economy during a year is called __________.

(A) GDP

(B) NDP

15. Formal sector includes all those enterprises which employ (A) More than 10 workers

(B) 10 workers

(D)Neither (a) nor (b)

16. __________ is a common form of unemployment in rural India.

(A) Disguised unemployment

(B) Structural unemployment (C) Educated unemployment (D) None of these

17. The newly emerging jobs are found mostly in ___________ sector. (A) Manufacturing

(B) Primary

(D) None of these

18. Unemployment common in urban areas

(A) Seasonal unemployment (B) Disguised unemployment (C) Open unemployment

(D) None of these

19. Measure of reduce unemployment in very short period of time (A) Reducing growth rate of population

(B) Reducing inequalities in the distribution of income and wealth (C) Increasing investment in private and public sectors

(D) None of these

20. An establishment with four hired workers is known as _____________ sector establishment. (A) Formal

(B) Informal

(D) None of the above

21. The newly emerging jobs are found mostly in the _____________ sector.

(A) Service

(B) Manufacturing (C) Agriculture

(D) None of the above

22. ____________ unemployment may result some workers are temporarily out of work while hanging job. (A) Cyclical

(B) Voluntary

(D) Seasonal

23. When due to introduction of new machinery, some workers tend to be replaced by machines, their unemployment is termed as

(A) Structural

(B) Technological

24. Most of the unemployment in India is (A) Voluntary

(B) Structural

25. Work force refers to that part of

(A) Labour force which is employed

(B) Population which is unemployed

(EMPLOYEMENT)

1. During 2011-12, India had about __________ The rural workers constitute about__________ of this.

2. Women workers account for __________ of the rural workforce; whereas in urban areas, they are just ________ of the work force.

3. Workers who own and operate an enterprise to earn their livelihood are known as _________ About in India belongs to this category.

4. __________ account for __________ labourers are casually engaged in others‘ farms and, in return, get a remuneration for the work done.

5. Whenaworkerisengagedbysomeoneoranenterpriseandpaidhisorherwagesonaregularbasis they are known as__________. They account for __________ of India‘s workforce.

6. ___________isamajorsourceoflivelihoodforbothmenandwomenasthiscategoryaccountsfor more than 50 per cent of India‘s workforce.

(a) Self-employment

(b) Casual wage labour

(d) None of these

7. Thenewlyemergingjobsarefoundmostlyinthe__________sector.(service/manufacturing)

8. Over the last four decades (1972-2012) people have moved from self employment and regular

salaried employment to ____________ Scholars call this process as ______________

9. An establishment with four hired worker is known as ________ (formal/informal) sector

establishment.

10. Those who work in private sector establishments which employ10 hired workers or more are called

__________.

11. Find the odd man out:

(a) A clerk in the electricity office

(b) Computer operator in the state government office working on a temporary basis (c) Worker in a hotel which has seven hired workers and three family workers.

(d) A police constable

12. Which of the following is working in the informal sector?

(a) A private school teacher In a school which has 25 teachers.

(b) The owner of a textile shop employing nine workers.

(d) Civil engineer working in a construction company which has 10 workers.

13. In India, about ___________ of the workforce are in the informal sector.

14.Owing to the efforts of the ______________ government has initiated the modernisation of informal sector enterprises and provision of social security measures to informal sector workers. 15.Some people look for jobs in newspapers, some look for a job through friends and relatives. In

many cities, people standing in some select areas looking for people to employ them for that day‘s work. Some go to factories and offices and give their bio-data and ask whether there is any vacancy in their factory or office. Some go to employment exchanges. The situation described in the above paragraph is called_______________.

16. Unemployed person is one who is not able to get employment of even one hour in half a day. This definition is given by:

(a) Economists

(b) National Sample Survey Organisation

(d) Directorate general of Employment and Training

17.Unemployment is a situation in which all those who, owing to lack of work, are not working but

either seek work though employment exchanges, intermediaries, friends or relatives or by making applications to prospective employers or express their willingness or availability for work under the prevailing condition of work and remunerations. This definition is given by:

(a) Economists

(b) National Sample Survey Organisation

(d) Directorate general of Employment and Training

18. Economists call unemployment prevailing in Indian farms as _______________.

19.Suppose a farmer has four acres of land and he actually needs only two workers and himself to carry out various operations on his farm in a year, but if he employs five workers and his family

members such as his wife and children, this situation is known as ______________.

20.When there is no work to do on farms, people go to urban areas and look for jobs. This kind of

unemployment is known as _______________.

21. _____________ is the major formal sector employer in the country.

22.The nature of employment has become more _________________ (formal/informal) with only

limited availability of social security measures to the workers.

ANSWERS

1. 473million;three-fourth

2. one-third;one-fifth

3. self-employed;52percent

4. Casualwagelabourers;30%

5. regularsalariedemployees;18% 6. (a)Self-emp4oyment

7. service

8. casualwagework;casualisationofworkforce 9. informal

10. formal sectors workers

11. (c)

12. (b)

13. 94 per cent

14. International Labour Organisation (ILO) 15. (c) Open unemployment

16. (a)

17. (b)

18. disguised unemployment

19. disguised unemployment

20. seasonal unemployment

21. Government

22. Informal

CHAPTER 8TH INFRASTRUCTURE

Introduction

1. The state known as „God‟s own country a) Karnataka

b) Gujarat c) Kerala d) Goa

2. Some states in India are performing much better than others in certain areas due to

a) Betterirrigationfacilities

b) Bettertransportationfacilities

c) Better health care and sanitation faculties

d) Alltheabove

____________ infrastructure is important for the development of a nation

a) Economic

b) Social

c) Both (a) and (b)

d) Neither(a)and(b)

4. ___________ is an example of social infrastructure a) Transport

b) Communication c) Energy

d) Education

5. Education is an example of ____________

a) Sustainable development

b) Economicinfrastructure

c) Economic development

d) Socialinfrastructure

Significance OF INFRASTRUCTURE

6. Which of the following is an example of conventional source of energy?

a) Naturalgas

b) Solarenergy c) Biomass

d) Windenergy

7. Which source of power accounted for only 2%?

a) Hydel power

b) Windpower

c) Nuclear power

d) Tidalpower

8. Which of the following statement is not true?

a) Distribution of electricity to farmer‘s is the main reason for the losses of State Electricity Boards (SEB‘s)

b) Atpresent,nuclearenergyaccountsforonly2percentoftotalenergyconsumption

c) CFL consume 80 percent more power than ordinary bulbs

d) Energyshortageadverselyaffectstransportsector,industriessectorandagricultureproduction

9. A lot of power is wasted during its transmission and distribution from power stations to households. This can be controlled by:

a) Promoting the use of CFL‘s

b) Properleadmanagement

c) Promoting non conventional sources

d) Alltheabove

10. LPG is an example of ____________

a) Bio-energy

b) Solarenergy

c) Wind energy

d) Naturalgas

11. Energy generated by sun is known as____________

a) Natural gas

b) Solarenergy

c) Wind energy

d) Electricity

12. From the following which is not a non-commercial source of energy

a) Solar energy

b) Windenergy

c) Tidal energy

d) Coal

13. Electricity generated from radioactive elements is called:

a) Thermal electricity

b) Atomicenergy

c) Hydel electricity

d) Tidalenergy

14. The highest use of commercial energy is:

a) Agriculture b) Transport c) Household d) Industry

15. Sources of electricity are ____________

a) Water

b) Oil,Coal

c) Gas

d) All of these

16. From the following which is not a commercial source of energy

a) Petroleum b) Coal

c) Electricity d) Drieddung

17. Power generated using water:

a) Atomic power

b) Thermalpower

c) Hydroelectric power

d) Noneofthese

HEALTH

18. Essential indicator of good health in a country is increase in ___________

a) Death rate

b) Infantmortalityrate

c) Expectancy of life

d) Incidenceofdeadlydiseases

19. ____________ include hospitals with better facilities of health care like X-ray, surgeries, ECG etc.

a) Primary health care

b) Secondaryheathcare

c) Tertiary heath care

d) Noneofthese

20. Indian system of medicine:

a) Unani

b) Yoga

c) Siddha

d) Allofthese

21. Indicator of health status:

a) Expansion of health services

b) Declineofinfantmortalityrate

c) Both (a) and (b)

d) Neither(a)nor(b)

22. ___________ is an indicator which measures the number of people dying prematurely due to a particular disease:

a) Global burden of disease

b) Goldenburdenofdisease

c) Global burden of depression

d) Globalbreakdowndisease

23. ISM stands for:

a) Indian systems of medicine

b) Internationalsystemofmedicine

c) Indian standard of medicine

d) Noneoftheabove

24. Indian system of medicine comprises of systems.

a) Three b) Four c) Five d) Six

Write the correct sequence of option in Column II by matching them with options of Column I.

Write the correct pair.

Write the correct sequence of option in Column II by matching them with options of Column I.

(a)Transportandcommunication 1) Socialinfrastructure (b)Educationandhealth 2) Non-conventionalsourcesofenergy

Column I

Column II

(a) Primary sources of energy

(b) Secondary sources of energy

(d) Non-commercial sources of energy

1) Coal,petroleumandelectricity

2) (They do not require any transformation

before their use

3) Firewoodandcowdung

4) They require transformation before their

use

Column I

Column II

(a) Primary healthcare centre‘s (b) Secondary healthcare centre‘s (c) Tertiary healthcare centre‘s

1) Facilitiesforsurgery

2) Maternalandchildhealthcareonly

3) (iii) Advanced level equipment and

specialized healthcare

Column I

Column II

(c)Solarenergy 3) Conventionalsourcesofenergy (d)Petroleum 4) Economicinfrastructure

Write the correct sequence of options in Column If by matching them with options of Column I.

Ans. The correct sequence is – (iv), (iii), (ii), (i)

1. Write the correct sequence of option in Column II by matching them with options of Column I.

Ans. The correct sequence is – (iv), (i), (ii), (iii)

2. Write the correct pair.

Ans. (b) – (ii)

1) ...............infrastructurehelpsintheprocessofproductiondirectly.(ECONOMIC)

2) ...........Electricityisgeneratedfromwater.(HYDEL)

3) ...............energyplantsproduceelectricitythroughthefissionofuranium.(NUCLEAR)

4) ............isusedasanindicatortoassessthenumberofpeopledyingprematurelyofsomediseaseandalso the number of years spent by them in a state of disability due to that disease.

Ans. Global Burden of Disease (GBD)

Column I

Column II

(a) Morbidity

(b) Social Infrastructure

(d) Commercial Source of Energy

1) Coal

2) Ithelpstheeconomicsystemdirectly 3) HealthandEducation

4) Tendencytofallill

Column I

Column II

(a) Hydro electricity (b) Thermal electricity (c) Nuclear electricity (d) Solar electricity

1) Generatedbyusingcoal,petroleumetc. 2) Generatedbyusingradioactiveelements 3) Generatedbytheheatemittedbysun

4) Generatedfromwater.

Column I

Column II

(a) Eco-friendly fuel

(b) Renewable resource

1) Coal

2) Windenergy 3) Solarenergy 4) Paper

5) ...............arethoseresourcesthatcanbereplenishedorrenewednaturallyovertime.

Ans. Renewable resources

6) ................arethoseresourcesthatcannotberenewedinshortduration. Ans Non-renewable/Exhaustible resources

(INFRASTRUCTURE)

1. Matchthefollowing:

(a) Infrastructure associated with energy, (i) Social infrastructure transportation and communication

(b) Infrastructure related to education, (ii) Economic infrastructure health and housing

2. Indiainvestsonly__________ofitsGDPoninfrastructure,whichisfarbelowthatofChina.

3. In India, commercial energy consumption makes up about _________________ of the total energy consumed in India. Non-commercial energy sources account for over _____________ of

the total energy consumption.

4. At present nuclear/atomic energy accounts for only ____________ of the total energy

consumption, against a global average of 13%.

5. Generally,scholarsassesspeople‘shealthbytakingintoaccountindicatorslike_____________.

6. Healthinfrastructureincludes__________________.

7. At the village level, a variety of hospitals, technically known as _____________ have been set

up by the government.

8. Someprivatepractitionersarenotevenregistereddoctorsandareknownas_____________.

9. Indiansystemsofmedicineinclude_______________.

10. Indian system of Medicine (ISM) have huge potential and can solve large part of our healthcare

problems. True/False? Give reason.

11. Government expenditure on health sector is only_____________ of the total GDP; which is very

low as compared to USA and China.

12.____________________ is an indicator used by exports to gauge the number of people dying

prematurely due to a particular disease, as well as, the number of years spent by them in a state

of ̳disability‘ owing to the disease.

13.In India, more than the half of Global burden of diseases (GBD) is accounted for by

_________________.

14. Write the correct sequence of alternatives given in Column II by matching them with respective

terms in Column I:

A. Global burden of diseases (GBD) (i) Infant mortality rate, life expectancy

B. Indian Systems of Medicine (ISM) C. Primary Health Centres (Pl-fCs)

and nutrition levels

(ii) A variety of hospitals at the village level

(iii) Ayurveda, Yoga, unani, Siddha, Naturopathy and Homeopathy

ANSWERS

D. Health Indicators

(iv) An indicator to gauge the number of people dying prematurely due to a particular disease.

1. (a)—(ii),(b)--(i)

2. 34percent

3. 74percent;26percent

4. 2percent

5. infantmortalityandmaternalmortalityrates,lifeexpectancy,nutritionlevelsandtheincidence

of communicable and non-communicable diseases.

6. hospitals;doctors,nursesandotherpara-medicalprofessionals,beds,equipmentrequiredin

hospitals; and well-developed pharmaceutical industry.

7. PrimaryHealthCentres(PHCs)

8. quacks

9. Ayurveda,Yoga,Unani,Siddha,NaturopathyandHomeopathy(AYUSH).

10. True : Because they are effective, safe and inexpensive.

11. 4.7 per cent

12. Global Burden of Diseases

13. communicable diseases such as diarrhea, malaria and tuberculosis. 14. (iv), (iii), (ii), (i)

CHAPTER9TH ENVIORNMENTANDSUSTAINABLE

DEVELOPMENT

1. Environmental includes: (A) Biotic factors

(B) Abiotic factors

(D) None of the above

2. Absorptive capacity is defined as:

(A) Ability of the environment to absorb degradation

(B) Resource generation within the assimilating capacity of the environment (C) Average number of organisms living in a given environment

(D)The minimum population surviving in the world as a whole

3. Which of the following statement is correct?

(A) Global warming is entirely a natural phenomenon

(B) Global warming is simply an another term used for green house effect (C) Global warming is the rise in average temperature at the earth‘s surface (D)Global warming is caused by ozone depletion

4. In 1997, a UN conference on climate change was held in :

(a) Japan

(b) India

(d) China

5. Banning the use of chlorofluorocarbon compounds and other chlorine and bromine compounds and other chlorine and bromine compounds is called:

(A)Chipko movement

(B) Apiko movement

(D) None of the above

(E)

6. Which are the catch phases in the following UNCED definition of Sustainable Development:

―Development that meet the need of the present generation without compromising the ability of the future generation to meet their own needs.‖

(A) Need

(B) Future generation

(D)Need and future generation

7. Brundtland Commission in 1987 defined sustainable development as:

(A) A type to development which put the interests of developing countries ahead of the interests of the

rich nations

(B)Development which meets the needs of present generation without compromising the ability of future generation to meet their own needs

8. Biotic elements of environment is: (A) Air

(B) Water

(D) Land

9. From the following renewable resource is:

(A) Rees

(B) Fossil fuel

(C)(a) and(b)

(D) None of the above

10. The ability of the environment to absorb degradation is: (A) Carrying capacity

(B) Absorptive capacity

(D) None of the above

11. From the following which s a cleaner and greener energy souce: (A) Thermal power

(B) Hydro power

(D) None of the above

12. GHGs refer to:

(A) Green Home Gases (B) Greenhouse Gases

13. What can be the preventive measure for climate change: (A) Plantation

(B) Using cycle instead of cars and bikes (C) Using organic product

(D)All ofthem

(SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT)

1. _______________isdefinedasthetotalplanetaryinheritanceandthetotalityofallresources.It includes all the biotic and abiotic factors that influence each other.

2. ______________meanstheabilityoftheenvironmenttoabsorbdegradation.

3. Twomajorenvironmentalissuesfacingtheworldtodayare__________and_____________

4. The CPCB (Central Pollution Control Board) has identified _______________categories of

industries (large and medium scale) as significantly polluting.

5. The various measures adopted by the Ministry of Environment and the central and state

pollution central boards may not yield reward unless we consciously adopt a path of ________________ The concern for future generations alone can make development last forever.

6. Theconceptofsustainabledevelopmentwasemphasisedby_________________.

7. Theuseof_____________asfuelinpublictransportsystemmayreduceairpollution.

8. Withthehelpof___________solarenergycanbeconvertedintoelectricity.

9. In recent years, India is taking efforts to increase the power generation through solar. India is also leading an international body called _______________.

10.______________is a gradual increase in the average temperature of the earth‘s lower atmosphere as a result of the increase in green house gases since the Industrial Revolution.

11.Identify the correct sequence of alternatives given in column II by matching them with respective terms in column I.

Column I

(a) A UN conference on climate change, held in Kyoto, Japan in 1997

(b) The CPCB (Central Pollution control Board)

Column II

(i) Emphasised the concept of sustainable development

(ii) To fight global warming

(iii) Emphasised on protecting the future generation.

(d) The Brundtland Commission

(iv) Identified 17 categories of industries (large and medium scale) as significantly polluting

12. CPCS is the full form of _____________________.

ANSWER

1. Environment

2. Absorptivecapacity

3. Globalwarming;Ozonedepletion.

4. 17

5. Sustainableeconomicdevelopment

6. TheUnitedNationsConferenceonEnvironmentandDevelopment(UNCED)

7. CompressedNaturalGas(CNG)

8. photovoltaiccells

9. InternationalSolarAlliance(ISA)

10. Global Warming

11. (a) — (ii), (b) — (iv), (c) — (i), (d) — (iii)

12. Central Pollution Control Board

CHAPTER 10TH DEVELOPMENT EXPERIENCE IN INDIA

1. Reforms in __________ were introduced in 1978 (A) China

(B) Pakistan

(D) None of the above

2. First five year plan of __________ commenced in the year 1956 a) Pakistan

b) China

c) India

d) (a)and(b)

3. Proportion of people below poverty line is more in: a) India

b) Pakistan c) China d) USA

4. Reforms in _________ were introduced in 1988. a) China

b) Pakistan

c) India d) USA

5. The fertility rate is very high in a) Pakistan

b) India c) China d) USA

6. One child norm is a feature of ____________ country. a) France

b) India

c) Pakistan d) China

7. _________ has the highest life expectancy a) India

b) China

c) Pakistan

d) Both(a)and(c)

8. A campaign in China in 1958 where people were encouraged to set up industries in their backyard was named as:

a) Great leap forward

b) Greatproletarianculturalrevolution

c) Anti- rightist movement

d) Fourpestsdamping

9. In

a) Export of software after economic reforms

b) Numberofph.d‘sproducedinscienceandengineeringeveryyear

c) Reducing the proportion of population below poverty line

d) Alltheabove

10. According to demographic parameters, the density of population is lowest in: a) China

b) India

c) Pakistan

d) Both(b)and(c)

11. China moving ahead of India and Pakistan is true for which indicator?

a) GDP per capita

b) Proportionofpopulationbelowpovertyline

c) HDI ranking

d) Alltheabove

12. India, Pakistan and ____ have many similarities in their development strategies (a) Nepal

(b) China

13. Which type of economic system is followed in China? (a) Mixed Economy

(b) Socialist Economy

(d) None of these

14. Which sector of the economy contributes the highest to India‟s GDP?

(a) Service

(b) Agriculture (c) Industry

(d) None of these

15. ___________ programme was started in China with the aim of industrialization.

(a) Great leap Forward

(b) Great proletarian Cultural Revolution (c) One child policy

which of the following areas, Pakistan has an edge over Indian?

(d) None of these

16. ____________ has the highest life expectancy at birth. (a)India

(b)China (c) Pakistan

(d) Both (a) and (b)

17. Which of the following two countries have adopted the Mixed Economic System? (a) India and China

(b) India and Pakistan.

(d) None of these

18. Which economic system did China chose for economic development?

a) Capitalist system

b) Socialistsystem

c) Mixed capitalist system

d) Noneoftheabove

19. Which economic system did India adopt as development strategy?

a) Capitalist system

b) Socialistsystem

c) Mixed capitalist system

d) Socialist system upto 1991 and then capitalist system

20. Which of the three countries has lowest rate of population growth?

a) India

b) Pakistan c) China

d) Allequal

21. Which of the three countries has the highest growth rate of GDP?

a) India

b) Pakistan c) China

d) Allequal

22. Which economic sector is the highest contribution to GDP in India, Pakistan and China?

a) Agriculture b) Industries c) Services

d) allequal

23. Which of the three countries has highest life expectancy at birth?

a) India

b) China

c) Pakistan d) Allequal

24. Which of the three countries has highest percentage of population above poverty line?

a) China

b) Pakistan c) India

d) Allequal

25. Rank India, Pakistan and China in terms of better value of human development index.

(a) 1st – Pakistan; 2nd – China; 3rd– India. (b) 1st – Pakistan; 2nd – India; 3rd– China. (c) 1st – China; 2nd – Pakistan; 3rd - India (d) 1st – China; 2nd – India; 3rd- Pakistan

26. _______Performanceinprovidingsanitationisbetterincomparisonto______. (a) Pakistan‘s, India

(b)China‘s, Pakistan (c) China‘s, India

(d) India‘s, Pakistan

DEVELOPMENT EXPERIENCE OF INDIA— A COMPARISON WITH NEIGHBOURS

1. First five year plan of ____________________ commenced in the year 1956. (Pakistan/China)

2. GOP per capital, or proportion of population below poverty line is _________________ . (income indicator of human development/Health indicator of human development)

3. Mortality rates, literacy, life expectancy etc. are____________. (income indicator of human development/Health indicator of human development)

4. Which of the following countries has the lowest density of population? (a) India

(b) China

(d) None of the above

5. Growth rate of population is highest in which of the following country? (a) India

(b) China

(d) None of the above

6. Social Economic Zones were set up by China to: (a) Attract foreign investors.

(b) To develop the backward regions.

(d) To promote private sector.

7. China discontinued the one child policy because:

(a) They will be more elderly people in proportion to young people. (b) It increased the number of dependent population.

(d) Population of the country decreased.

8. China succeeded in achieving higher growth rate than India because: (a) It followed communist pattern of economy.

(b) It started reforms early.

(d) All of above

9. China is ahead of India and Pakistan on many human development indicators. These

improvements were attributed to the reform process initiated in China in 1978. (True/False)

ANSWERS

1. Pakistan

2. income indicator of human development

3. Health indicator of human development

4. (b) China

5. (c) Pakistan

6. (a) Attract foreign investors.

7. (a) There will be more elderly people in proportion to young people.

8. (c) It gave much importance to manufacturing sector.

9. False: China is ahead of India and Pakistan on many human development indicators. However,

these improvements were attributed not to the reform process but the strategies that China adopted in the pre-reform period.

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